I would like to share with you an excerpt from http://jpmorgan.com about the currency restrictions of the RMB.
A Restricted Currency
Government regulation is particularly strict regarding foreign currency exchange. For example, the amount of foreign currency that businesses can keep in their onshore accounts in Chinese banks, as well as the currency exchange rate, the interest rate on deposits and the process of remitting and repatriating funds, all are tightly controlled.
Because the Chinese renminbi (RMB) is a restricted currency, U.S. companies want to hold as much of their funds in dollars as possible; but China imposes a cap on the amount of foreign currency that companies can keep.
“Every foreign enterprise that does business in China must have a foreign currency account that’s used for capital injection and receiving foreign currency income. There is a cap on the account imposed by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange,” explains Sue Wong, JPMorgan Chase relationship manager, Multinational Corporations — Greater China.
The cap is based on the amount of business activity the company generates. Until recently, the amount was generally 20%-30% of a company's annual business; but in early August, the Chinese government relaxed the rate to 50%-80%. The government applies different rate tiers to businesses based on size and type of operation.
Depegging Has Significance
Any funds a company keeps onshore above its cap must be converted to RMB at a government-controlled rate. The rate used to be fixed at USD 1.00 = RMB 8.28, but since this past July, the Chinese government has allowed currency trading within a narrow range. On July 21, RMB was appreciated by about 2% to USD 1.00 = RMB 8.11.
“It may not seem like a very big percentage change,” Sun observes. “But it is a significant move, because it reveals more flexibility on the part of the Chinese government and is part of the trend toward more opening up of the currency.
“This has essentially created a future market for RMB,” she adds. “Together with the recent announcement that permits RMB forward and swap trading, this is important for any investors seeking to hedge their currency positions. Further appreciation of RMB is generally expected going forward.”
Fund Repatriation Hurdles
When the time comes to withdraw funds from China and convert them back to U.S. currency, companies should be prepared to wait, because fund repatriation can be a lengthy process. “From the time of the declaration, it may take 12 to 18 months to move the money out,” Wong says.
However, like many regulations in China, these rules are not universal. Depending on the justifications, multinational companies with a longtime presence in China are sometimes able to gain approvals on fund repatriations from local regulators in as little as one month.


e most 